Oregon 30-Hour Real Estate Law Practice Test

What defines a principal meridian in land surveying?

1. A line indicating property lines

2. A north-south line used as a reference point in the rectangular government survey system

3. A marker for corner boundaries

4. An east-west line dividing land into sections

The correct answer is: A north-south line used as a reference point in the rectangular government survey system

A principal meridian is specifically defined as a north-south line that serves as a reference point in the rectangular government survey system. This system is crucial for establishing a standardized method of land description and is used widely in the United States for mapping and surveying. The principal meridian, along with baseline lines, helps in creating a grid system that specifies location and property boundaries. In the context of land surveying, this definition is fundamental because it provides a reference framework for further subdivision of land into townships, ranges, and sections, which can then be accurately described and recorded. This is essential for ensuring clarity in property ownership and management. The use of a principal meridian aids in the legal description of land, which is critical for transactions, development, and zoning requirements.